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手部安全

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手部安全
著名外企安全培訓資料——
Hand Safety
手部安全
When hazards to your hands cannot be eliminated or controlled, PPE must be worn.
Hand injuries are one of the most common injuries that occur at our plant.
Over a quarter million people suffer from serious and disabling hand injuries each year in the US.
By recognizing the hazards, and wearing proper protection, you can protect yourself.

當可能傷害你手的風險不能被消除或控制時，必須佩戴個人防護用品。
手部傷害在我們工廠是 最普通的傷害事故之一。
在美國，每年有超過25萬人遭受嚴重的或使其殘廢的手部傷害。
充分認識手部傷害風險和正確佩戴防護用品，可以保護你自己。
Hazards that Require Hand Protection Measures
哪些風險需要手部保護措施

Chemical, Thermal Burns, and Skin Absorption
Sharp Objects or Jagged Edges
Cutting Tools 
Temperature Extremes
Electrical Hazards
Bloodborne Pathogens
Machinery Hazards 
Repetitive Motion
化學品、灼傷、皮膚吸收
鋒利物體或鋸齒裝邊緣
切割工具
高溫
帶電危險
血液傳播（病原體）
機械傷害
重復工作
Chemical Burns and Skin Absorption
化學灼傷和皮膚吸收

Contact with caustic or corrosive chemicals can produce skin rashes or burns resulting in serious health consequences.
Some chemicals can be absorbed through the skin.  If toxic or poisonous, the material will cause adverse health effects. 
接觸具有腐蝕性化學物品能夠引起皮疹或燒傷，甚至會嚴重影響到身體健康。
有些化學物質能夠通過皮膚吸收，如果化學物質有毒性，會對身體健康產生嚴重影響。
Protect Yourself with a Chemical Resistant Glove
使用防化學手套保護你的手

Gloves are available from chemical.
Always consult MSDS, SOPs, and chemical labels before selecting any glove.
Consult the Corporate IH Glove Selection guide for specific materials.
If you have a chemical hazard that requires a glove, other than the gloves in stock, please contact the Safety Department for assistance with glove selection.
手套可以用來防化學物質接觸。
在選擇手套之前，參考MSDS,SOP和化學物質容器上的標簽的內容選擇手套。
接觸特殊物料，參考工業(yè)衛(wèi)生手套選擇指南選擇手套。
如果存在化學品傷害可能，需要使用手套，請聯系安全部門或助手選擇手套。
Chemical Resistant Gloves
防化學手套
The most common chemical resistant glove at our site is a Nitrile glove. The glove is flock lined and is compatible with most of the materials used at the Zhangjiagang plant.  The glove has been reviewed and approved by Corporate IH for our plant.
工廠使用最普通的防化學手套為丁腈手套，這種手套可以符合大多數物料使用的要求。

Key Points About Chemical Glove Selection
防化學手套選擇要點

使用手套前，必須要對手套進行檢查。進行“拉長測試”或“吹起測試”，確認是否存在裂縫或小洞，觀察是否變色。
Gloves must be inspected before each use.  Perform the “stretch test” and/or the “blow test” to find tears and  holes.  Visually inspect for discoloration.
佩戴的手套必須完全適合，因為不適合的手套佩戴可能會引起手部疲勞或影響手部血液循環(huán)。可能很難抓住物體。
Gloves must fit properly because improperly fitting gloves may tire your hands or cut off circulation.  Objects may be difficult to grasp.
選擇的手套必須能夠完全避免你的手部和手臂的所有部分接觸到化學物品，有袖口的手套可以防止防止化學物質飛濺到手臂上。
The glove selected must cover all parts of your hand and arms that may be exposed to the material. Cuff the glove to provide splash protection to the arm.

Terminology for Glove Material Failures
手套失效術語
Degradation – The physical destruction or decomposition of the material due to exposure to chemicals or sunlight.
老化 - 由于長期接觸化學物質或日曬，手套材料老化或腐爛。
Penetration – The flow or movement of a hazardous chemical through closures, seams, pinholes, or imperfections.  Caused by degradation, damage, normal wear and tear and temperature extremes.
滲透 - 由于老化、破壞、正常穿戴、摩擦和高溫導致流動地危險化學物質能夠通過手套縫隙、小孔或其它不完整性缺陷進入手套。

Permeation – The process by which a hazardous chemical moves through a given material on the molecular level. Permeation can occur when the chemical is not compatible with the glove material.
滲透-有害化學物質通過手套材料分子層的運動過程。當手套材料不能防止某種化學物質時可以發(fā)生滲透。
Breakthrough Time – The time from the initial chemical attack on the outside of the material until its breakthrough and detection inside the glove.
失效時間：從開始接觸化學物質直到手套失效的時間。

Terminology for Glove Material Failures
手套失效術語
CHEMICAL GLOVE BREAKDOWN
防化學手套報廢

Gloves that are breaking down, will feel greasy or slimy may be dissolving.
If you feel tingling, burning, or severe wetness while wearing gloves, remove the glove immediately and wash your hands.
Do not use gloves that change colors or have thin spots.
If you are unsure about the integrity of the glove, dispose of the gloves and get a new pair. 
當手套沾滿油脂或粘糊糊的，將手套報廢。
如果佩戴手套時，感覺麻痹，高溫或嚴重潮濕時，立即脫掉手套，清洗雙手。
不要使用已經改變顏色或有缺陷的手套。
如果你不能確定手套的完善性，將手套處理掉，更換新的手套。
Contamination
污  染

If your glove becomes contaminated, do not touch the glove to items that you or others may have to touch later without protection.  
Remove your glove before touching forklift steering wheels, control room door knobs, hand tools, etc.
Failure to follow this hygiene procedure exposes you and your fellow co-workers to hazardous materials.
如果你的手套被污染，不要使這個手套接觸其它物品，因為你或其他人可能會在沒有手部防護用品的情況下接觸這個物品。
在你接觸叉車方向盤、控制室門把手和手動工具之前脫掉防化學手套。
不遵守這個衛(wèi)生程序，可能會導致你和你的同事接觸有害化學物質。
Protection from Sharp Objects and Jagged Edges
防止鋒利物體和不平整邊緣傷害

Base glove selection on the potential and severity of  the hazard.
Light abrasive hazards may require only a cotton glove.  
For sharp or jagged edges, a leather glove provides better protection.
Both cotton and leather gloves are available in ET-22 in various sizes.
根據潛在危險性的嚴重性選擇手套。
較輕的摩擦危害可能只需要普通手套。
鋒利或不平整邊緣，皮質或膠質手套可以提供更好的保護。
Hand Tools and Hand Injuries
手動工具和手部傷害

Many tools can cause hand injuries. 
Common injuries from hand tools are abrasions, lacerations, punctures and contusions.  
Use tools only for tasks that they were designed to perform.  For example, do not use a tool such as a screw driver for a pry bar.  If the screw driver slips, it will puncture the skin.
Do not remove guards from power tools.  These guards were installed to prevent accidental contact with the cutting or work surface.  Do not alter or modify power tools.
很多手動工具可以引起手部傷害。
一般手動工具引起的手部傷害為：摩擦、破口、刺穿、撞傷、挫傷。
只有在我們計劃去完成工作任務時，才使用手動工具。例如：我們不能用螺絲刀去當作一個障礙物來墊，如果螺絲刀滑動，它可能會刺穿皮膚。
不要拆除動力工具的安全防護裝置，這些裝置的安全是為了防止意外的接觸切割或工作面。不要更改動力工具。
Hand Injuries from Knives and other Cutting Tools
刀和其它切割工具造成的手部傷害
Utility knives are utilized throughout the plant and have been a source of many hand injuries.  Some of the knife related injuries, that have occurred, were a result of employees using the wrong tool for a task that the tool was not designed to perform.
Our plant utilizes a break-away knife for many cutting tasks.  To protect your hands, the blade should only be extended to no more than one section at a time. Do not use the break-away knife for forceful cutting.
The white handled boning knife or the scraper style knife are better choices for forceful cutting and chiseling tasks.  A pair of snips can be used for many cutting tasks that a knife is not safe to use.
工廠內刀得使用是很多手部傷害的來源，有些刀關系到傷害事故，員工在工作中使用錯誤的工具完成工作任務時，手部傷害事故經常發(fā)生。
工廠很多切割崗位使用刀，為了保護我們的雙手，工作時伸長的刀片不能超過一節(jié)，不要使用脫離的刀片做大力切割的工作。
對于大力切割和砍鑿的工作，白色手柄的刀或者刮刀類型的刀是相對較好的選擇。很多用刀不安全的切割工作，剪刀可以用來做。
Safe Knife and Cutting Tool Use
安全刀具和切割工具的使用

Always use a sharp knife.  A sharp knife requires less force to perform cutting tasks than a dull knife. 
If the knife edge cannot be sharpened, replace the knife. If the knife is a break-away, snap off the last section used to access a new sharp edge.  
Always cut away from the body, never towards the body.
Never walk around with the blade extended or cut an object while walking.
Wearing cut resistant PPE, on the hand opposite to the hand holding the knife, will provide protection in the event the knife slips.
Sealant plant currently has only the glove (300) available for cutting tasks.
用鋒利的刀具，在進行切割任務時，因其使用時比使用鈍刀具所需要的力相對較小。
如果刀刃不能被磨鋒利，換掉這個道具。如果這個刀斷裂了，折斷已經使用過的最后一節(jié)，使用新的一節(jié)。
確保朝身體以外的方向切割，切忌朝向身體。
禁止在刀刃在外時，到處走動，或行走時切割物體。
操作道具的另外一只手應當佩戴防切割個人防護用品，這樣能夠不慎滑落時起到保護作用。
Temperature Extremes
極端溫度

Hot work requires special gloves to perform safely.  
Our contractors on site stock the PPE necessary to perform these tasks.
Cryogenic materials like carbon dioxide and liquid nitrogen also require specialized gloves for safe handling.
動火作業(yè)要求佩戴特殊手套確保安全。
我們工廠的承包商有必要貯存這些個人防護用品確保完成工作。
低溫物料如：二氧化碳和液氮也需要特殊的手套確保安全操作。
Electrical Hazards
電氣危害

To perform many electrical tasks, especially at higher voltages, OSHA requires specialized rubber gloves.  
To protect your hands from dangerous electrical voltage, lockout and tagout equipment when servicing and performing repairs.  Your hands are usually the first part of the body to contact dangerous electrical voltage.  If you are not sure it is de-energized, don’t touch it.
在從事電氣作業(yè)時，特別是高電壓下操作時。職業(yè)衛(wèi)生管理條例要求佩戴特殊橡膠手套。
為保護你的雙手遠離高壓電流，對機器進行維護或維修時，應當上鎖/掛牌。你的雙手通常是最先接觸到高壓電的部位，如果你無法確保機器能量已經完全被隔離，切勿觸碰。

Bloodborne Pathogens
血液傳播（病原體）

Always utilize Universal Precautions, (also known as Body Substance Isolation, BSI) before coming in contact with the blood or body fluids of any injured co worker.
Latex gloves are the preferred glove for this application.
IF you or the injured employee are allergic to Latex, Company  does provide a non-latex alternative glove.  Notify the LPOs if you are allergic to latex.
在接觸受傷員工的血液或者體液前使用通用預防措施，（也被稱為物體隔離法）。
優(yōu)先考慮使用橡膠手套。
如果你或者受傷的同事對橡膠過敏的話，公司還會提供備用的無橡膠手套。如果你對橡膠過敏請通知公司。
Machinery Hazards
機器危害

Utilize lockout, machine guarding, interlocked guards, and E-stops to de-energize machinery before reaching in to clear jams and repair equipment.
Gloves can be a hazard with moving machinery because the glove may get caught and actually pull your hand into the equipment.  Jewelry can also get caught and cause the hands to be injured.  
Reaching into machinery can cause severe lacerations, crushing blows, amputations, and even death. 
在清理和維修設備之前，利用上鎖、機器防護、互鎖設備、緊急停車按鈕隔離機器能源。
手套在移動機器時也有可能會成為危害，因為手套有可能會被卡住然后將你的手拖入機器中。佩帶在手上的首飾業(yè)有可能會被卡住而導致手部受傷。
接近機器有可能會導致嚴重的割破，猛烈的擊打，切斷甚至是死亡。
Repetitive Motion Injuries
重復運動傷害

Repetitive tasks, over time, can lead to a condition called Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.  Symptoms include numbness or a tingling sensation in the hands and wrist with pain  or loss of gripping strength.  
Keep hands in a neutral position and substitute ergonomically designed equipment and tools.
Take a break from the activity through job rotation or a rest break.
Exercise the wrist, hand, and fingers to return the proper circulation.
重復性任務，加班，會導致腕骨道綜合癥。其癥狀為手變得麻木和刺痛 ，而手腕關節(jié)也會疼痛 或者失去抓握的力量。
將手放在一個適當的位置，用按照人體特性設計的設備和工具來替代手的工作。
通過轉換不同的工作方式和中途的休息來緩解手的壓力。
活動腕關節(jié)、手和手指來確保正常的血液循環(huán)。
Hand Safety

To protect your hands, look at the hazards within your particular job.
Once you identify the hazard, look for the proper glove or use a safety procedure such as lockout and machine guarding to ensure that your hands do not become another hand injury statistic.
You need your hands to ensure a healthy and active life.  Remember that before you decide to risk them.
保護你的雙手，注意你特殊工作中存在的風險。
一旦你發(fā)現風險，注意使用適當的手套或使用一個安全措施例如關閉機器或使用機器安全措施來確保你雙手的安全。
雙手是健康活力生活的根本——在冒風險前請務必記住這句話。
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