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一般單位消防安全“四個能力”建設標準

  
評論: 更新日期:2016年07月05日

 

一、                                                                                                                             檢查消除火災隱患能力
1.                                                                                                                                    單位應按以下要求開展防火檢查、巡查:
(1)                                                                                                             單位消防安全責任人、消防安全管理人每月應至少組織一次防火檢查;
(2)                                                                                                             單位內(nèi)設部門負責人每周應開展防火檢查;
(3)                                                                                                             消防安全重點單位每日應進行防火巡查,其他單位每日應對消防安全重點部位進行防火巡查;
(4)                                                                                                             員工每日應進行崗位防火檢查。
2.                                                                                                                                    單位及其內(nèi)設部門組織開展防火檢查應包括下列內(nèi)容:
(1)                                                                                                             消防安全制度、消防安全管理措施和消防安全操作規(guī)程的執(zhí)行和落實情況;
(2)                                                                                                             用火、用電有無違章;
(3)                                                                                                             新建、改建、擴建及裝修工程有無違章;
(4)                                                                                                             疏散通道、安全出口和消防車通道是否暢通;
(5)                                                                                                             消防設施、器材和消防水源是否完好;
(6)                                                                                                             消防(控制室)值班人員值班情況,消防安全重點部位管理情況;
(7)                                                                                                             滅火和應急疏散預案的制定與演練情況;
(8)                                                                                                             員工消防知識掌握情況;
(9)                                                                                                             防火巡查、火災隱患整改及防范措施落實情況;
(10)                                                                                                         其他消防安全情況。
3.                                                                                                                                    單位組織開展防火巡查應包括下列內(nèi)容:
(1)                                                                                                             用火、用電有無違章;
(2)                                                                                                             疏散通道、安全出口是否暢通;
(3)                                                                                                             消防設施器材、消防安全標志是否完好;
(4)                                                                                                             重點部位員工在崗在位情況;
(5)                                                                                                             其他消防安全情況。
4.                                                                                                                                    員工崗位防火檢查應包括下列內(nèi)容:
(1)                                                                                                             用火、用電有無違章;
(2)                                                                                                             疏散通道、安全出口是否暢通;
(3)                                                                                                             消防器材、消防安全標志完好情況;
(4)                                                                                                             場所有無遺留火種;
(5)                                                                                                             其他消防安全情況。
5.                                                                                                                                    因工作需要確需動用明火時,單位消防安全管理部門應指定專人到場監(jiān)護,并進行下列內(nèi)容的防火檢查:
(1)                                                                                                             是否辦理動火許可證,動火操作人員是否具備動火資格,動火監(jiān)護人是否在位;
(2)                                                                                                             動火地點與周圍建筑、設施等防火間距是否符合要求,動火地點附近四周是否有影響消防安全的物品;
(3)                                                                                                             電焊電源、接地點是否符合防火要求;
(4)                                                                                                             焊具是否合格,燃氣、氧氣瓶是否符合安全要求,放置地點是否符合規(guī)定;
(5)                                                                                                             動火期間的滅火應急措施是否落實。
6.                                                                                                                                    單位消防安全責任人對火災隱患整改負總責,消防安全管理人和消防工作歸口管理職能部門具體負責督促落實火災隱患整改工作。
7.                                                                                                                                    發(fā)現(xiàn)火災隱患應立即改正;不能立即改正的,發(fā)現(xiàn)人應向消防工作歸口管理職能部門或消防安全管理人報告,消防工作歸口管理職能部門或消防安全管理人應及時研究制定整改方案,確定整改措施、時限、部門和責任人,報消防安全責任人審批。
8.                                                                                                                                    火災隱患整改完畢后,消防安全管理人應組織驗收,并將驗收結(jié)果報告消防安全責任人。
 
二、                                                                                                                             撲救初起火災能力
1.                                                                                                                                    單位消防安全責任人、消防安全管理人應組織制定滅火和應急疏散預案,并組織演練。
2.                                                                                                                                    員工發(fā)現(xiàn)火災應立即呼救并撥打“119”電話報警,起火部位現(xiàn)場員工應在1 min內(nèi)形成第一滅火力量,采取如下措施:
(1)                                                                                                             火災報警按鈕或電話附近的員工,立即摁下按鈕或撥電話通知消防控制室或值班人員;
(2)                                                                                                             消防設施、器材附近的員工使用現(xiàn)場消火栓、滅火器等設施器材滅火;
(3)                                                                                                             疏散通道或安全出口附近的員工引導人員疏散。
3.                                                                                                                                    火災確認后,單位消防控制室或單位值班人員應立即啟動滅火和應急疏散預案,在3 min內(nèi)形成第二滅火力量,采取如下措施:
(1)                                                                                                             通訊聯(lián)絡組按照滅火和應急疏散預案要求通知員工趕赴火場,與公安消防隊保持聯(lián)絡,向火場指揮員報告火災情況,將火場指揮員的指令下達有關(guān)員工;
(2)                                                                                                             滅火行動組根據(jù)火災情況使用本單位的消防設施、器材撲救初起火災;
(3)                                                                                                             疏散引導組按分工組織引導現(xiàn)場人員疏散;
(4)                                                                                                             安全救護組協(xié)助搶救、護送受傷人員;
(5)                                                                                                             現(xiàn)場警戒組阻止無關(guān)人員進入火場,維持火場秩序。
 
 
三、                                                                                                                             組織疏散逃生能力
1.                                                                                                                                    員工應熟悉本單位疏散通道、安全出口,掌握疏散程序、逃生技能。
2.                                                                                                                                    單位應根據(jù)本單位實際,配備相應的火場疏散逃生裝備、器材。
3.                                                                                                                                    單位應在每個樓層、疏散通道、安全出口明確疏散引導員,負責組織引導在場人員安全疏散。
4.                                                                                                                                    火災發(fā)生時,疏散引導員應通過喊話、廣播等方式,按照滅火和應急疏散預案要求通知、引導火場人員正確逃生。
5.                                                                                                                                    火災無法控制時,單位火場總指揮應及時通知所有參加救援人員撤離。
四、                                                                                                                             消防宣傳教育能力
1.                                                                                                                                    單位法定代表人或主要負責人、消防安全管理人應是消防安全明白人。消防安全明白人應熟知以下內(nèi)容:
(1)                                                                                                             消防法律法規(guī)和消防安全職責;
(2)                                                                                                             本單位火災危險性和防火措施;
(3)                                                                                                             依法應承擔的消防安全行政和刑事責任。
2.                                                                                                                                    單位應確定專(兼)職消防宣傳教育人員,經(jīng)過專業(yè)培訓,具備宣傳教育能力。
3.                                                                                                                                    單位應利用展板、專欄、廣播、電視、網(wǎng)絡等形式開展消防宣傳教育,在明顯部位懸掛或張貼消防宣傳標志。
4.                                                                                                                                    員工上崗、轉(zhuǎn)崗前,應經(jīng)消防安全培訓合格;對在崗人員每半年進行一次消防安全培訓。
5.                                                                                                                                    通過消防安全教育,員工應達到以下要求:
(1)                                                                                                             熟悉消防法律法規(guī);
(2)                                                                                                             掌握消防安全職責、制度、操作規(guī)程、滅火和應急疏散預案;
(3)                                                                                                             掌握本單位、本崗位火災危險性和防火措施;
(4)                                                                                                             掌握有關(guān)消防設施、器材操作使用方法;
(5)                                                                                                             會報警、會撲救初起火災、會疏散逃生自救。
6.                                                                                                                                    單位應根據(jù)自身特點設置以下消防安全標志或圖示:
(1)                                                                                                             消防設施標志。如:在消防設施、器材附近適當位置,用文字或圖例標明名稱和使用操作方法;
(2)                                                                                                             提示性標志。如:在顯著位置設置單位總平面圖,樓層、房間設置疏散指示圖;疏散通道、安全出口按規(guī)定設置疏散指示標志;
(3)                                                                                                             警示性標志。如:在危險場所或重點部位設置禁止性標志。
7.                                                                                                                                    人員密集場所應在主要出入口設置“消防安全告知書”和“消防安全承諾書”。在顯著位置和每個樓層提示場所的火災危險性,疏散通道、安全出口位置及逃生路線,消防器材的位置和使用方法。
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